Mario Kart 64

Mario Kart 64
Developer: Nintendo Publisher: Nintendo Platforms: Nintendo 64, iQue Player Released in JP: December 14, 1996 Released in US: February 10, 1997 Released in EU: June 24, 1997 Released in CN: December 17, 2003 This game has unused code. This game has hidden development-related text. This game has unused graphics. This game has unused music. This game has debugging material. This game has a hidden level select. This game has regional differences. This game has revisional differences. This game has a notes page This game has a bugs page This game has a prerelease article

This article is a work in progress. ...Well, all the articles here are, in a way. But this one moreso, and the article may contain incomplete information and editor's notes.

Mario Kart 64 basically takes all the wishes and feature requests from Super Mario Kart and makes them come true. Four players! Tunnels! No Koopa Troopa! All good stuff. Except that last one, clearly.

Debug Menu

This game contains a debug menu; to enable it, use one of these GameShark codes and press L+Z at the title screen.

Version	Gameshark code
USA	D10F6914 2020 8018EDEF 0002
Japan V1.0	D10F73C4 2020 8018C80F 0002
Japan V1.1	D10F61B4 2020 8018B5BF 0002
Europe V1.0	D10F6A54 2020 8018EF2F 0002
Europe V1.1	D10F6974 2020 8018EE4F 0002

• DEBUG_MODE activates key combinations during play:
  • L+R+A+B: Reset game.
  • R+B: Toggle CPU meter.
  • Left: Advance player 1 and everyone behind them to final lap.
  • Down: Advance everyone to final lap.
  • Up: Advance player 1 and one other to final lap.
  • Z or C-Down can be pressed during the race start sequence to start early. This will glitch the game if done too soon.
• MAP_NUMBER selects the track. Available are the 16 single-player tracks plus the four tracks from battle mode.

Level Select	Course
0 M CIRCUIT	Mario Raceway
1 MOUNTAIN	Choco Mountain
2 CASTLE	Bowser's Castle
3 GHOST	Banshee Boardwalk
4 MAZE	Yoshi Valley
5 SNOW	Frappe Snowland
6 BEACH	Koopa Troopa Beach
7 P CIRCUIT	Royal Raceway
8 L CIRCUIT	Luigi Raceway
9 FARM	Moo Moo Farm
10 HIGHWAY	Toad's Turnpike
11 DESERT	Kalimari Desert
12 SHERBET	Sherbet Land
13 RAINBOW	Rainbow Road
14 STADIUM	Wario Stadium
15 BLOCK	Block Fort
16 SKYSCRAPER	Skyscraper
17 DECK	Double Deck
18 JUNGLE	D.K.'s Jungle Parkway
19 DOUGHNUT	Big Donut

• SCREEN_MODE selects the screen mode, and thus the players that participate. Available values are 1 player, 2 player up/down, 2 player left/right, 3 players and 4 players. The two player left-right view is never used in the final game, and is somewhat glitchy.
• PLAYER selects the first player. If you have more than one player, the game assumes Luigi for player 2, Yoshi for player 3 and Toad for player 4.
• SOUND MODE simply selects the sound mode (mono, headphones, stereo).
• PUSH B TO GET ALL GOLDCUP is fairly self-descriptive. This option only appears when the cursor is moved all the way to the bottom.

Note that if you try to start a one-player game on a battle map, the game will automatically add a second player.

XXX Sound Mode

GameShark code switches the sound mode to "XXX" on the debug menu and blank in the Options menu. Its purpose is not known.

Version	Gameshark code
USA	8018EDF2 0002
Japan V1.0	8018C812 0002
Japan V1.1	8018B5C2 0002
Europe V1.0	8018EF33 0002
Europe V1.1	8018EE52 0002

Debug Menu	Options Menu

CPU and Graphic Display

When Debug Mode is enabled, the following GameShark codes can be used:

• Debug Mode Enabled.

Version	Gameshark code
USA	800DC521 0001
Japan V1.0	800DCDF1 0001
Japan V1.1	800DBD31 0001
Europe V1.0	800DC5B1 0001
Europe V1.1	800DC541 0001

• Shows which master display list is currently in use.

Version	Gameshark code
USA	800DC515 0001
Japan V1.0	800DCDE5 0001
Japan V1.1	800DBD25 0001
Europe V1.0	800DC5A5 0001
Europe V1.1	800DC535 0001

• Shows bars at the bottom measuring CPU usage of the video (red), audio (yellow) and game logic (orange) threads.

Version	Gameshark code
USA	800DC663 0001
Japan V1.0	800DCF31 0001
Japan V1.1	800DBE71 0001
Europe V1.0	800DC6F1 0001
Europe V1.1	800DC683 0001

While the CPU meter is enabled, pressing L+R toggles a flag at 800DC664, but this flag doesn't seem to be accessed anywhere else. (This is done at 80004098.)

Frame-by-Frame advance

The following code activates a frame-by-frame advance mode if Debug Mode is enabled:

Version	Gameshark code
USA	81001760 3C03 81001762 800E 81001794 3C0B 81001796 800E 810017C4 240C 810017C6 0000

When the game is paused, player 1 can hold A and B and press L to advance a frame. This unfortunately conflicts with using A to unpause the game; you must hold A before pausing. Alternatively, adding the code 81001784 2400 makes it require only holding B and pressing L while paused.

Crash Debug Screen

If the game crashes, it will draw a small white square with red border near the upper left corner of the screen. At that point, entering the code L, Up, Left, Down, Right, R, L, B, A will display some information about the cause of the crash.

The first line displays three numbers - first is unknown (usually 5, probably thread ID), second is the address of the faulty instruction, third is the exception code (as defined in the R4300i manual). The second line displays the $RA register. The third line is the opcode of the faulty instruction.

The GameShark code 810DC6FE FFFF will shorten this code to simply "press L".

This display cannot be seen on most emulators, as most plugins don't seem to continue redrawing the screen after the game crashes.

Unused Code

To do: Supposedly there's some coding that allows A.I. racers to drift. Find it and try to get it working.

Track Scaling Function

Next to the mirror mode flag in memory (address 800DC608 in USA version) is a floating-point value that appears to always be set to 1.0. When a track is loaded, its height is scaled by this amount. (All polygon vertices are multiplied by this value.) Use one of the below GameShark codes to activate this feature. (default value 3F80)

Version	Gameshark code
USA	810DC608 ????
Japan V1.0	810DCED8 ????
Japan V1.1	810DBE18 ????
Europe V1.0	810DC698 ????
Europe V1.1	810DC628 ????

This value only affects track polygons, and hit detection is not altered to compensate for the steeper hills and/or shorter vertical walls, so changing it often produces unplayable tracks and strange effects such as floating trees, low areas being considered underwater/out of bounds, and walls that are no longer solid.

No similar scaling functions exist for the X and Z axes. This may have been intended as a debugging function to test slopes, or a bonus mode that would scale tracks to various sizes.

Vertical Splitscreen

This unused vertical splitscreen display for 2-player mode is only accessible via the Debug Menu. It's pretty clear why this isn't accessible normally: it's unfinished. The lap counter still displays in Battle Mode, the map goes over the second player's lap counter, and the V's and E's only appear when you're close to the camera.

This feature can be seen in some very early footage of the game from when it was known as Super Mario Kart R.

Lightning in Battle Mode

When used in Battle Mode, the Lightning Bolt makes all other players lose one balloon; however, it isn't normally possible to obtain this item, likely because it would have made battles horribly unbalanced. Code that specifically handles the Lightning Bolt's effects in Battle Mode can be found around 8008E0FC in RAM.

Bomb Warning

An unused multiplayer feature that warns players when they approach the moving bombs on the track. This can be seen in an early screenshot but was disabled in the final game. It can be re-enabled in the US version by using the GameShark codes D10F6914 0002 and 800DC53B 0001. Start up a 3 or 4 player versus race then once in game, press C-Left once and drive near a bomb and then press C-Right until you see the bomb icon.

(Source: superluigikart)

Feather Jump State

The player-state code contains flags indicating whether "large feather jump state" and "small feather jump state" are active. This can be activated by setting the state at 0x0F699E (NTSC-U) to 0x10 to trigger a small feather jump or by setting the state at 0x0F699D (NTSC-U) to 0x02 for a large feather jump with a slower floating animation. The feather item from Super Mario Kart wasn't included in the final game, though it can be seen in certain prerelease material.

(Source: tasvideos.org)

CPU Shell Code

The game contains six tables that determine the item probabilities when hitting an item box. The first two tables are both for GP mode and determine item probabilities for a human player and a CPU player, respectively. According to the latter, CPU players have a certain chance to get Green Shells, both the single and the triple variety, but the CPU never uses shells at all, so this isn't actually ever seen in gameplay.

Unused Graphics

To do: Most of these can be loaded in game, even if they have no functionality left.

Menu Graphics

Among the menu graphics are two unused options, untranslated from Japanese:

Graphic	Translation
	Without Item
	With Item

Bomb Warning Icon

The bomb warning icon that shows when you're close to the moving bombs.

Early Traffic Light

An early version of the traffic light.

Player HUD

4 Player HUDs for the multiplayer modes.

(Source: Origami64)

Monty Mole

While these two sprites are technically used while Monty is preparing to spring out of its hole, the player never sees the lower body while Monty is standing still.

(Source: Ragey)

Misplaced Item Boxes

Hidden underneath the Big Donut arena are two misplaced item boxes. These item boxes can be seen by getting the camera behind the green bars and waiting, eventually the two item boxes will float up into view.

Hidden Music Loop

The "Winning Results" track was likely intended to alternate between two ~100 second sections of music, each composed of a 50-second segment repeated twice. Due to a binary counter bug, the first segment repeats, incidentally, 64 times (for 54 minutes and 39 seconds!) before the second segment ever has a chance to play—at which point it repeats twice and correctly returns to the first segment.

Debugging Text

Most of this text probably would have been spat out to a debug console on development systems, but goes unused in the final game.

Terminate-Canceled
Channel %d,Phase %d
Copy %d
%d->%d
pitch %x: delaybytes %d : olddelay %d
cont %x: delaybytes %d : olddelay %d
Warning:Kill Note  %x
Kill Voice %d (ID %d) %d
Warning: Running Sequence's data disappear!
Audio:Memory:Heap OverFlow : Not Allocate %d!
Audio:Memory:DataHeap Not Allocate
StayHeap Not Allocate %d
AutoHeap Not Allocate %d
Status ID0 : %d  ID1 : %d
id 0 is Stopping
id 0 is Stop
id 1 is Stopping
id 1 is Stop
WARNING: NO FREE AUTOSEQ AREA.
WARNING: NO STOP AUTO AREA.
AND TRY FORCE TO STOP SIDE
Check ID0 (seq ID %d) Useing ...
Check ID1 (seq ID %d) Useing ...
No Free Seq area.
CH %d: ID %d
TWO SIDES ARE LOADING... ALLOC CANCELED.
WARNING: Before Area Overlaid After.
WARNING: After Area Overlaid Before.
MEMORY:SzHeapAlloc ERROR: sza->side %d
Audio:MEMORY:SzHeap Overflow error. (%d bytes)
Auto Heap Unhit for ID %d
Heap Reconstruct Start %x
AHPBASE %x
AHPCUR  %x
HeapTop %x
SynoutRate %d / %d
FXSIZE %d
FXCOMP %d
FXDOWN %d
WaveCacheLen: %d
SpecChange Finished
Fbank Seq %x
Already Load Type %d,ID %d
Warning:Emem Over,not alloc %d
Write %d
Romcopy %x -> %x ,size %x
Romcopyend
CAUTION:WAVE CACHE FULL %d
LOAD Rom :%x -> Ram :%x  Len:%x
BASE %x %x
LOAD %x %x %x
INSTTOP    %x
INSTMAP[0] %x
already flags %d
ERR:SLOW BANK DMA BUSY
ERR:SLOW DMA BUSY
Check %d  bank %d
Cache Check
NO BANK ERROR
BANK %d LOADING START
BANK %d LOAD MISS (NO MEMORY)!
BANK %d ALREADY CACHED
BANK LOAD MISS! FOR %d
Seq %d Loading Start
Heap Overflow Error
SEQ  %d ALREADY CACHED
Ok,one bank slow load Start
Sorry,too many %d bank is none.fast load Start
Seq %d:Default Load Id is %d
Seq Loading Start
Error:Before Sequence-SlowDma remain.
Cancel Seq Start.
SEQ  %d ALREADY CACHED
Clear Workarea %x -%x size %x
AudioHeap is %x
Heap reset.Synth Change %x
Heap %x %x %x
Main Heap Initialize. 
----------
Init Completed. ------------
Syndrv    :[%6d]
Seqdrv    :[%6d]
audiodata :[%6d]
---------------------------------------
Audio: setvol: volume minus %f
Audio: setvol: volume overflow %f
Audio: setpitch: pitch minus %f
Audio: voiceman: No bank error %d
Audio: voiceman: progNo. overflow %d,%d
Audio: voiceman: progNo. undefined %d,%d
Audio: voiceman: No bank error %d
Audio: voiceman: Percussion Overflow %d,%d
Audio: voiceman: Percussion table pointer (bank %d) is irregular.
Audio: voiceman: Percpointer NULL %d,%d
--4 %x
Stoped Voice
CAUTION:SUB IS SEPARATED FROM GROUP
Error:Wait Track disappear
Slow Release Batting
Audio:Wavemem: Bad voiceno (%d)
Audio: C-Alloc : Dealloc voice is NULL
Alloc
Error:Dim voice-Alloc %d
Error:Same List Add
Already Cut
Audio: C-Alloc : lowerPrio is NULL
Sub Limited Warning:
Drop Voice Warning: Drop Voice
Env-Clear 0
Audio:Envp: overflow  %f
Audio:Track:Warning: No Free Notetrack
SUBTRACK DIM
Audio:Track: Warning :SUBTRACK had been stolen by other Group.
SEQID %d,BANKID %d
ERR:SUBTRACK %d NOT ALLOCATED
Error:Same List Add
Macro Level Over Error!
WARNING: NPRG: cannot change %d
Audio:Track:NOTE:UNDEFINED NOTE COM. %x
Audio: Note:Velocity Error %d
Error: Subtrack no prg.
ERR %x
 Error: Your assignchannel is stolen.
Audio:Track :Call Macro Level Over Error!
Audio:Track :Loops Macro Level Over Error!
SUB:ERR:BANK %d NOT CACHED.
Audio:Track: CTBLCALL Macro Level Over Error!
[%2x]
Err :Sub %x ,address %x:Undefined SubTrack Function %x
Disappear Sequence or Bank %d
Group:Undefine upper C0h command (%x)
Group:Undefined Command
Error : Queue is not empty ( %x )
specchg error
***** CAM MAX %d *****
entryout !!! %d
AFTER GOAL VOICE FLAME %d
*** Pause On ***
*** Pause Off ***
CALLED!! Na_ChangeSoundMode player %d
CALLED!! Na_ChangeSoundMode spec   %d
Interfaced Spec Change player %d
Interfaced Spec Change spec   %d
FX MIX %d
************** Seq Fadeout ***************
SEQ FADE OUT TIME %d
DAC:Lost 1 Frame.
DMA: Request queue over.( %d )
DMA [ %d lines] TIMEOUT
Warning: WaveDmaQ contains %d msgs.
Audio:now-max tasklen is %d / %d
Audio:Warning:ABI Tasklist length over (%d)
AudioSend: %d -> %d (%d)
Undefined Port Command %d
(num %d) (rank %d) (e_rank %d)
(num %d  org_bipas %d  bipas %d)
(%d) rap %3d
rate_count_F %10.2f
rap_count_F %10.2f
area %5d
enemy %d (%d --> %d)
enemy voice set (%d  slip_flag %x  weapon %x)
(%d , name %d)
===== ENEMY DRIVE SUB (%d) =====
ENEMY END
(1)enemy stick angle over!! (%d)
(2)enemy stick angle over!! (%d)
ENEMY END
AREA ERR!!!
%d AREA ERR!!!
SOUTH
EAST
NORTH
WEST
get_oga_area_sub_BP() ...
(b_num = %d)
(%d, %d, %d) 
<%d> (%d, %d, %d) [%d] lng %f
(area %d, y %7.2f)
(num %d: area %d ) (%d,%d,%d)
(num %d: area %d ==>%d) (group %d) (%d,%d,%d)
BOM(%d) (%7.2f, %7.2f, %7.2f)
BOM HIT CHECK
BOM HIT !!!!! (%d)
RESULT BOM area(%d)
BOM
SET
(TABLE IS FULL)
(category %d)
MAP NUMBER %d
center_EX ptr             = %x %x (%x)
center_BP[%d] ptr         = %x %x (%x)
side_point_L_BP[%d] ptr   = %x %x (%x)
side_point_R_BP[%d] ptr   = %x %x (%x)
curve_BP[%d] ptr          = %x %x (%x)
angle_BP[%d] ptr          = %x %x (%x)
short_cut_data_BP[%d] ptr = %x %x (%x)
CENTER LINE
(map:%d)
ROM center (BP%d) line adr. = %x (%x)
center (BP%d) line adr. = %x (%x)
BP center_point_number : %d
(%d -> %d)
extern POINT rom_center_KT
area read from ROM (%d)
(num %d, act %d)
(num %d,  act %d,  old_act_num %d)
SL: center_point_number : %d
SL: CENTER LINE
SHIP: center_point_number : %d
SHIP: CENTER LINE
(num %d, permit %d, %d)
OGA CAMERA INIT (%d)
OGA CAMERA INIT END
ERR !!! (ncx = %f)
ERR !!! (ncz = %f)
ERR !!! (ecx = %f)
ERR !!! (ecz = %f)
OGA DRIVERS POINT CAMERA MODE
OGA WINNER CAMERA MODE
OGA TIMEATTACK QUICK CAMERA INIT
OGA BATTLE CAMERA INIT win(%d)
GOAL! <<rank 1>> camera %d  rank %d
GOAL! <<rank 2,3,4>> camera %d  rank %d
GOAL! <<rank 5,6,7,8>> camera %d  rank %d
<<< ITEM OBJ NUMBER ERR !! >>> item %d  obj_num %d
<<< BANANA SET >>> obj_num %d   zure %f
BANANA
EXISTOBJ
category
sparam
num
BANANA HOLD (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d)
<<< BANANA NAGE SET >>> obj_num %d
BANANA NAGE MOVE
BANANA NAGE END
G_SHELL HOLD (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d)
<<< G_SHELL SET >>> obj_num %d
<<< G_SHELL SET >>> object_count %d
G_SHELL
R_SHELL HOLD (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d  obj_num %d)
<<< R_SHELL SET >>> obj_num %d
<<< R_SHELL SET >>> object_count %d
R_SHELL
R_SHELL SHOOT (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d  obj_num %d)
S_BANANA HOLD (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d)
<<< SUPER_BANANA SET >>> obj_num %d
<<< SUPER_BANANA SET >>> object_count %d
S_BANANA
S_BANANA RELEASE (num %d  time %d )
<<< FAKE IBOX SET >>> obj_num %d
IBOX
FBOX HOLD (num %d  time %d   hold_time %d)
START (%d)
END (%d)
map_number = %d - > 20
OGA Move
OGAWA DEBUG DRAW
S_MARIO
S_LUIZI
S_YOSSY
S_KINOP
S_DONKY
S_WARIO
S_PEACH
S_KUPPA
J_MARIO
J_LUIZI
J_YOSSY
J_KINOP
J_DONKY
J_WARIO
J_PEACH
J_KUPPA
debug_mode
on
off
map_number
screen_mode
player
sound mode
push b to get all goldcup
effectcount < 0 !!!!!!(kawano)
MAX effectcount(760) over!!!!(kawano)

Version Differences

Audio Differences LOTS of audio was changed from the Japanese version.

Billboards

To do: It'd help if someone could rip the graphics that aren't here yet. Explain why they were changed.

The billboards in the Japanese version are all clever parodies of real-life companies. They were (mostly) changed during localization because this would have gotten Nintendo of America in hot water.

The iQue version's billboards are based on the international designs, with the exception of the "Shot!" billboard, which was replaced with the iQue logo.

Japan	International

Marioro (a pun on Marlboro) was changed to Mario Star.

Japan	International

Luigip (a pun on Agip) was changed to Luigi's, itself appearing to be a parody of the now-defunct Bradlees chain of discount stores.

Japan	International

Yoshi1 (a pun on Mobil1) was changed to Yoshi, with a pawprint similar to the one added to English versions of Super Mario World.

Japan	International

The Koopa Air sign is colored yellow and blue in the Japanese version (a pun on Goodyear). It's white and violet in international versions.

The Nintendo logo billboard is blue in the Japanese version and red internationally, reflecting its most common depictions in each region.

Japan	International

The orange 64 ball in Luigi's Raceway (a parody of the 76 gas station) was changed to blue and the 64 was given a different design.

The orange ball can however still be seen on the track preview even in international versions. In Mario Kart 7's version of the track, the ball was changed to yellow, but is otherwise based on its Japanese design.

Luigi's Raceway

The Japanese version has collision on the grass above the tunnel on Luigi's Raceway, which can be reached by bouncing off another racer and flying over the wall. The collision was removed in international versions so trying the same there just leads to you falling into the tunnel (or out of bounds, if unlucky).

Moo Moo Farm

The course "Moo Moo Farm" is called "Moh Moh Farm" in Japan. This is because mooing in Japanese is pronounced with a long "O" sound, which sounds like "moh moh".

Japan	North America

(Source: The Mushroom Kingdom)

Trophy Ceremony

The trophy ceremony in the Japanese version displays the text "You are in (position)". The international versions change this to "You placed (position)". The punctuation was also removed, and the position itself is made purple.

Japan	International

(Source: The Mushroom Kingdom)

Course Names

Courses have different names depending on the region.

Japanese	International
Luigi Circuit	Luigi Raceway
Moh Moh Farm	Moo Moo Farm
Noko Noko Beach	Koopa Troopa Beach
Kara Kara Desert	Kalamari Desert
Kinopio Highway	Toad's Turnpike
Mario Circuit	Mario Raceway
Peach Circuit	Royal Raceway
Koopa Castle	Bowser's Castle
Donkey Jungle Park	DK's Jungle Parkway
Hyūdoro Lake	Banshee Boardwalk
Big Donuts	Big Donut
Block Toride	Block Fort
Matenrou	Skyscraper

Credits Differences

In the Japanese version, completing the Special Cup on 150cc will display a Japanese-language version of the credits. This was removed from the English version for obvious reasons.

Additionally, the Japanese version has six voice actors, while the English version only has three. Charles Martinet (the voice of Mario) is the only one to be credited in both versions. Additionally, his name is misspelled as "Charles Martinee" in the Japanese version. Thomas Spindler (the voice of Wario) and John Hulaton (the announcer) also have their names misspelled.

Japan	International

(Source: The Mushroom Kingdom)

Wii Virtual Console Differences

Although the Virtual Console releases use the exact same ROMs as the cartridges, some minor visual differences exist due to emulation errors and in-memory patches:

Nintendo 64	Wii Virtual Console

• The color scheme for the train in Kalimari Desert was changed.

Nintendo 64	Wii Virtual Console

• The waterfall on Koopa Troopa Beach is a brighter blue instead of grey.
• The characters/numbers of the timer are spaced out by 1 pixel.
• The flash from using lightning was toned down to avoid risk of seizures.

To do: Figure out what these changes in the Wii U version do and document them.

iQue Player Differences

The game was released in China for the iQue Player in December 2003. Like most games for the system, it is based on the international version.

International	iQue Player

• The game's title was changed from Mario Kart 64 to just Mario Kart.

International	iQue Player

• The Special Cup was renamed to "iQue Cup".

International	iQue Player

• The 64 ball was changed back to blue and now has a square instead of "64" on it.

International	iQue Player

• The "Shot!" billboard was replaced with an iQue billboard.
• Most references to the Nintendo 64 were replaced with ones to the iQue Player. The only exception being the train in Kalamari Desert which still has the number 64 on the front.
• The Controller Pak manager is inaccessible since the iQue Player handles Controller Paks differently to the Nintendo 64, as each game that requires a Controller Pak has its own .pak file on the iQue Player's NAND.